Otolith Stable Isotopes and Māori Archaeology
Marine Paleoclimate Data for Northern Aotearoa New Zealand
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70460/jpa.v16i2.398Keywords:
otoliths, stable isotopes, paleoclimate, Aotearoa New Zealand, snapper / tāmureAbstract
Marine paleoclimate records for the last 1,000 years are scarce in the southwest Pacific, limiting our understanding of complex environmental changes that may have affected Māori seascapes and fisheries. We seek to begin filling this knowledge gap by studying stable oxygen (δ18O) and carbon (δ13C) isotopes in archaeological and modern otoliths from tāmure (Australasian snapper, Chrysophrys auratus), which provide information about water temperature, salinity, and fish diet and metabolism. Our results show that fourteenth and fifteenth century tāmure otoliths recorded environmental conditions that are comparable to twentieth century temperatures, with some evidence for anomalously warmer seas and/or higher precipitation during the fifteenth century. These findings are concordant with previous reconstructions of terrestrial climatic conditions in northern Aotearoa and of central west Pacific Ocean sea surface temperatures, providing additional evidence that Māori experienced a warm climatic period during their first centuries of habitation and fishing in the North Island.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Reno Nims, Caitlin Smith, Matthew Campbell
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